(My atonement view was made by writing out and fitting together all atonement verses on a single page.) The three bad points of Penalty substitution are: 1. "God spiritually forsook His Son 2. because He counted His Son a sinner 3. in order to compensate for our sins." Nothing hinges on Penalty substitution, yet Penalty substitution would be hurt without sanctification, for example, not making us clean from the inside. Here are their top four proof verses, which seem weak: End of Isaiah 53, He shall bear his sins, said throughout Deut, means that he's the one to get punished. Jesus got punished but not for his own sins; which is why a different phrase is used, He shall bears their sins. He hung on the cross. It was a dark day for man who murdered His only Begotten. (It seems that He bore our sins, in the same way Matthew interprets, He bore our infirmities.)(‘lift’ used over 600 times.) He cried My God, My God- not Father. We find no where that He was forsake of the Father. He spoke of a cup which obviously wasn't a cup full of blessing. He eventually gave up the Ghost. (Body without the Spirit is dead.) The Father Son relation wasn’t severed. In fact, it says that He was not forsaken but heard, at the end of that Messianic Psalm. Gal 3:14 interpret the previous verse saying He was cursed. No one denies that. He hung on the cross. Because of the curse, He suffered in His body and in His flesh. Rom 3:26 He is the propitiation from our sins, showing that God doesn't tolerate sin, when He pardons them without restitution. Had their been restitution rather than forgiveness, the propitiation would not had been needed to make appease God through expiation, throwing away sins. 2 Cor 5:21 He made him to be a sin offering, is a valid translation. He made Him to be a sinner is not a valid translation. The penalty substitutionalist does not take this verse literally. (it is somewhat separated from surrounding verses) Look at their own words: RC Sproul, said at the end of his preaching at the 2008 Together for the Gospel Conference that what was pure (Jesus) was pure no more. He added that God cursed and damned His Son with the hell we deserve. Then he mentioned that after fifty years, he didn't understand the atonement. Luther, in His popular commentary, said "Christ should become the greatest transgressor, of all sinners, the greatest. Is not now an innocent person and without sins; is not now the Son of God, born of the Virgin Mary; but a sinner which hath and carrieth the sin of Paul." They jargon things they can’t mean. Some go so far as to call Penalty substitution the gospel. According to the Bible, believers don’t perish. And here are all the things one must believe to be saved: Believe the truth of the gospel that God sent His Son, (on/in) the Lord Jesus Christ, Who died and rose. And believe on(/in) His name. That's it. If you don’t believe the love God had toward us in that Jesus was came in the flesh, then you don’t have the right God. Penalty substitution, born in the 1500s, has never been the most popular theory of the atonement, up till the 1900s. My more direct interpretation has two points. 1. Jesus Atonement justified God (in the spirit), 2. condemning sin (in the flesh). You might say, His offering made God good to us, while our sin was made intolerable to Him- it always was, but this was the performance of it. God passes by our sins, because of the blood. Basically, God will not forgive a sin, unless the cross distinguishes Him from that sin. The cross obviously, distinguished Him from all sins, not just believers and so He would forgive anyone who might believe. Once in Psalms and twice in Hebrews(8:12 and 10:17) the New Testament is laid out in two points: 1. God's Spirit will guide us 2. Our sins will be forgotten.They are forgotten, it seems, not through toleration nor restitution, but through propitiation. We are dedicated to God and freed from sin. We see that the New Testament resembles my view of the atonement. Rom 8:3-4 For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh: That the righteousness of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit. 1Ti_3:16b God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, Notice those last two, In the flesh Christ condemned sin. But in the Spirit, God was justified. The next verse also shows the justification of the Spirit and condemning sin in the flesh: Rom 8:33b-a It is God that justifieth. Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, (yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.) The cross showed the difference, that is, the contradiction of sinners against Him, but not the contradiction of God against Him. Sin is not tolerable, according to the cross. Sin, in a sense, became bad when the only One Who was worth anything lived, suffered, and died. On the cross, Jesus accepted sins. (How terrible it would be to not accept Him.) By the Spirit we will live forever even through the washing of regeneration. Our sin, like the serpent, is nailed to the cross. Jesus isn't still there, because God accepted Him, raising Him up. And Jesus will raise His believers up, and give them new bodies in a new world, having already given to us the first fruit and earnest of the Spirit, since the moment of belief that God provided His Son. The memory of sin is forgotten of God, will be forgotten by us, and the stains of sin in this world will all give place to a new earth. This is very concrete way to remove sins compared to the penalty substitution addition which treats sins as something intangible. Baptism symbolizes the washing of regeneration and the putting off of the body of sins. Notice, Jesus doesn't condemn the women, He just wanted her to stop sinning: Joh_8:11b Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more. God would not store wrath against the friend He delighted to win, on account of the enemy which I died to. Christ’s sacrifice was sweet to God, God enjoyed the dedication. Murdering God's only Begotten was a dark day for man, and God used that to make His holy sacrifice. Jesus laid down His life in obedience to the Father. The Father was well pleased with His Son obedience in all things. God accepted His offering. Christ did no sin, was without sin, and delighted to obey all the will of God despising the pain in His body. The only thing Jesus could give was righteousness. The spotless Passover Lamb is to be respected and pure, not punished. The goat representing sin, not Jesus, on the day of atonement was sent far away. God purges, forgives, forgets, washes, blots out, not counts, not account, removes, passes by… sin. Sin is not acceptable until hell freezes over. Sin is not tolerate nor paid for, but removed. To think that God forgives, feels better than to say that He makes compensation for sin. The Bible says that He suffered in His flesh. It also says that He suffered in His body. It doesn’t say that He experienced super natural suffering. His Son was not an asset, it is not ok for God to forsake His Son like some tool. But the cross is ok, because the body is just a tool. God’s body, Jesus, could not move without His Spirit. (God is a Spirit Who has a body of His Own. Jesus is a body Who has a Spirit.) Transcendence is one way. He gives and forgives, never requiring repayment for sin. If satisfaction was made, there'd be no forgiveness in God. (No pleasure results from retribution.) God is Who He is, and wants to forgive sinners by default. God being slow to wrath offers time for all people to turn to His priorities/purposes, which Jesus showed on the cross. By default God would save all sinners, if only men didn't resist Him for the benefits of unrighteousness- as if they could care more for themselves than their Maker. Jesus, HimSelf, will lead wrath on the unbelievers, they will be resurrected to damnation and cast into the everlasting lake of fire. We see that Jesus is not the object of His wrath. God is not half hearted, nor double minded. My heart cries no, no, no- to think that God would forsakes His closest Son. This can't be. It's impossible. God is indivisible and Jesus is His body. My forgiveness, at times, has been free and sincere. And God is better than I. God's forgiveness must, then, at least be gracious and true. God doesn’t accept bribes and Christ wouldn’t bribe God to accept sin. Shall we break a second window (damning Christ) or fix the first?(sanctifying believer) Don't wipe your dirty hands on another, but wash them off instead- I told the toddler. If He can't forgive, then how can He condemn? The wages of sin is death, sin when finished brings forth death. Two different metaphors, upon which we can’t build doctrines. Rom 6:23 does not mean that sins may be paid for. And to say that death is a child of sin is also a metaphor. The pensub likes to say that Jesus bought us with a great price. But according to that context, we ought to serve Him because it cost Him His blood. But try asking the pensub what they mean by that, by asking this question: "who did He pay?" The pensub, you see, is trying to say that God paid God. That is why they use this passage. And so, they won't want to answer this question. The atonement justifies God and looses us from sin, here are verses about being set at liberty: Joh 8:36 If the Son therefore shall make you free (from sin), ye shall be free indeed. 1Pe_1:18 Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed(‘loosed’- with connotation of ‘bought’) with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers; Tit 2:14 Who gave himself for us, that he might redeem(loose) us from all iniquity, and purify unto himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works. Mat_20:28(Mk10:45) Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom(loose) for many. 1Ti_2:6 Who gave himself a ransom(loose) for all, to be testified in due time. Under sin, we could not do any service to God. We have to believe God would provide Jesus before we can begin to do good works. We must be released from sin. A propitiation, separation, distinguishing must be made. God is justified to pass by sin, since it cost His Son's blood. 2Pe_2:1 But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction. Notice above in 2 Peter 2:1 that unbelievers destine for hell were bought. Also see: 1Jn 2:2 And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world. 1Ti_4:10 For therefore we both labour and suffer reproach, because we trust in the living God, Who is the Saviour of all men, specially of those that believe. 2Co_5:15a And that he died for all, Joh_12:32 And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. Act_17:30b now commandeth all men every where to repent: Tit_2:11 For the grace of God that bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men, 2 Pet 3:9b is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. 1Ti_2:4 Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth. The cross made God look holy by contrasting Him with the sins of all men of all time, not just the believers. The cross said that sin in general is bad, not just a few sins of certain who believe. Sin is nailed to the cross and unbelievers will die in that condemnation unless they repent from there current position and believe Jesus who got up off the cross. 1Co_6:20 For ye are bought with a price: therefore glorify God in your body, and in your spirit, which are God's. (no bad women) 1Co_7:23 Ye are bought with a price; be not ye the servants of men.(serve heartily) These two verses. They both say that the Christian is bought with blood thus we belong to God. That’s what they’re talking about- not penalty substitution. God is longsuffering, waiting for people to repent. He's telling us to be good in the most real way on the cross. He was literally hurt by our sin, so that we’d turn from it. (Which is worse, to despise His law or His Son?) Sin will murder God's Only Begotten. God gave His Only Begotten, surely He loves you. He wants us to turn to Him. The cross advertises repentance, draws us because it declared(not just showed, but performed that) God as worth it and sin as not worth it. God sent Jesus, the man, which showed us how bad sin is and how good He is. It showed us that because it was actually performed. It showed us better than the law could have, Without Jesus, how could we understand what good is? By the special law, yes. By natural law, yes. But by sincere example, Jesus alone. God sent us Jesus, that we might know God. The cross did what the law and conscience couldn't do, although they pointed to Him. Jesus atonement was the substance of God's law in action. If God was a man, that’s what He’d do. His death showed sin to be bad and God to be good. For those two reasons the law was given, to discern the right and wrong. But Jesus, unlike the law, actually condemned sin and actually was God’s goodness. God is not only said to be good, but is good indeed. Apart from Jesus, we could not know God. God gave the law, which distinguished the unacceptable from the acceptable- this Jesus did in HimSelf. Joh 3:33 He that hath received his(Jesus) testimony hath set to his seal that God is true(sincere). Wrath to come is yet to come. We see peace and reconciliation with the cross passages, not wrath. He is slow to wrath in hopes people will repent to His pleasure. We are both loosed from: Heb 9:12 obtained eternal redemption(loose) for us. Heb_9:26 He appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. Heb 9:15b better covenant: redemption of the transgressions ... might receive the promise of eternal inheritance. And we are set apart to God: Heb 10:10 By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. The cross says that we're not more sincere than our Maker. The most that a man could give, He gave. His love lacked not. He gave to just and unjust. And those who put His blood on their door, are saved. Ex 12:13b when I see the blood, I will pass over you, (and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.) Until we belong to God, by the cross, separated from sins- we can do nothing acceptable. It is a blessing to have an Advocate and intercessor, rather than Independence from the Head of the highest freedoms, and safest rules to keep them. Communion doesn’t support penalty substitution. Let Jesus make the choices you can’t. Men are attracted to what they think is good, beautiful. Man essentially needs God, that's how we're made. The cross attracts men to a sincere God, that is Who He says. He is a God Who fulfills His law. And what is love but the fulfilling of a promise, through any sacrifice, through much longsuffering, even laying down of one's life completely. God is acceptable, nothing stops Him from doing His will,despite what others may do. His life was sealed, finished at death; He had no life for God to accept before He spent it. But why did He die? He died to justifying His love which would seem lovely to us and to condemn unrighteousness, so that we might turn from the one to the Other. He died that all men might repent, having all been drawn by His grace, in contrast to unrighteousness with it's temporary pleasures. And so many martyrs have died in His name- reechoing sincerity as well as the badness of sin through the evil wills of man and the good will of God. Teaching about the cross, my toddler said, I don't like bad guys. Even a toddler is repelled at sin, by one look at the death of Jesus. He started pretending that the leaves were bad guys. He'd throw them into the camp fire with passion. I asked him if he likes people that do good for him. He said yes, I like good people. I said, then tell the leaves to be good. (Hell is for castaways; it's not for reform.) Extra about wrath: What about wrath? We see it in the OT and revelations. We see wrath is for unbelievers. And the (amount of) wrath is according to their sins. (But not everyone dies in their sins.) Joh_3:36b he that believeth not the Son... the wrath of God abideth on him. Col_3:6 For (sins) the wrath of God cometh on the children of disobedience: Rom 1:18 For the wrath of God .... men who hold the truth in unrighteousness Nah_1:2b He reserveth wrath for his enemies. More Bible: Tit 3:4 But after that the kindness and love of God our Saviour toward man appeared, Tit 3:5 Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; Col 2:11 In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ: Col 2:12 Buried with him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen with him through the faith of the operation of God, who hath raised him from the dead. Col 2:13 And you, being dead in your sins and the uncircumcision of your flesh, hath he quickened together with him, having forgiven you all trespasses; Col 2:14 Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross; Rom 6:6 Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. Rom 6:7 For he that is dead is freed from sin. Rom 6:8 Now if we be dead with Christ, we believe that we shall also live with him: Rom_6:10 For in that he died, he died unto sin once: but in that he liveth, he liveth unto God. Our bodies aren't dead yet, but they are not to be followed to do anything outside of Christ's will. Now, observe God’s heart toward the sinner (upon which He spent His blood): Mic 7:18 Who is a God like unto thee, that pardoneth iniquity, and passeth by the transgression of the remnant of his heritage? he retaineth not his anger for ever, because he delighteth in mercy. Mic 7:19 He will turn again, he will have compassion upon us; he will subdue our iniquities; and thou wilt cast all their sins into the depths of the sea. 2Co_5:19a To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not counting their trespasses unto them; Rom 4:8 Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not account sin. Psa_103:12 As far as the east is from the west, so far hath he removed our transgressions from us. Isa_6:7 And he laid it upon my mouth, and said, Lo, this hath touched thy lips; and thine iniquity is taken away, and thy sin purged. .... The PenSub parallel our would-be-but-not hell, with Christ's cross. You don't know. So it'd be dishonest to make up PS. And it would go on to cause more harm than good to think that God's attirbutes fight like Greek gods. You can't understand God. It is yours only to trust Him. If anything bad, put that upon us and our situation, not Him. Anything wrong or at odds should not be laid on Him, don't blaspheme or profane. The best belongs to God. Justice is fueled by love. If God didn't care, there'd be no hell. The PS though ssays that He cares about HimSelf. But that means nothing, because it is His atonement for us, not HimSelf, that we're talking about. Saying that God appeases His Own wrath, is for Him to figure out in an unseen dimension. But the cross is for us to figure out. It is wrong to say that God is the law that He provided. The law was a tool but not Him. He is love, not law. He is truth, which the law cannot be. It is for Christ, not the law to be honest and so forth. God is forgiving, not lawful. Law is the bare minimum. God is gracious above the law. The PS says that grace is below the law, and God needs to work up to the law, but God's grace has the law underneath it He died for 5 reasons: because we were dead to God and He wanted to be our Lord to live for Him loving others. Christ is our spirit's Head, not our sinful flesh's head. Our flesh will be put off with this world. Jesus didn't buy all kinds of "indulgences" divorce papers nailed to cross